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Giulio Andreotti
Giulio Andreotti (; 14 January 1919 – 6 May 2013) was the 41st Prime Minister of Italy and leader of the Christian Democracy party. Beginning as a protégé of Alcide De Gasperi, Andreotti achieved cabinet rank at a young age and occupied all the major offices of state over the course of a forty-year political career, being seen as a reassuring figure by the civil service, business community, and Vatican. In foreign policy, he guided Italy's European Union integration, and established closer relations with the Arab world. Admirers of Andreotti saw him as having mediated political and social contradictions, enabling the transformation of a substantially rural country into the fifth-biggest economy in the world. Critics said he had done nothing against a system of patronage that had led to pervasive corruption.
At the height of his prestige as a statesman, Andreotti was subjected to damaging criminal prosecutions. Charged with colluding with Cosa Nostra, courts found he had broken the links by the eighties, and ruled the case out of time. The most sensational allegation came from prosecutors in Perugia, who charged him with ordering the murder of a journalist, he was found guilty at a trial, which led to complaints that the justice system had "gone mad". Definitively acquitted by the supreme court, Andreotti remarked "Apart from the Punic Wars, for which I was too young, I have been blamed for everything that's happened in Italy".
Andreotti served as the 41st Prime Minister of Italy from 1972 to 1973, from 1976 to 1979 and from 1989 to 1992. He also served as Minister of the Interior (1954 and 1978), Defence Minister (1959–66 and 1974) and Foreign Minister (1983–89) and was a Senator for life from 1991 until his death in 2013.〔 He was also a journalist and author. Andreotti was sometimes called ''Divo Giulio'' (from Latin ''Divus Iulius'', "Divine Julius", an epithet of Julius Caesar after his posthumous deification). During the 16th term of the Senate in 2008–13, he opted to join the parliamentary group UDC – independence.
==Background and attributes==
Giulio Andreotti, the youngest of three children, was born on 14 January 1919 in Rome, his father was a primary school teacher from Segni, a small town in Lazio, who died when Giulio was two. He showed some ferocity as a youth, once stubbing out a lit taper in the eye of another altar boy who was ridiculing him. His mother was described as not very affectionate, an aunt is said to have advised him to remember that few things in life are important, and never to over-dramatise difficulties. As an adult he was described as having a somewhat unusual demeanor for an Italian politician, being mild mannered and unassuming. Andreotti did not use his influence to advance his children to prominence, despite being widely considered the most powerful person in the country for decades. "See all, tolerate much, and correct one thing at a time" was a quote that emphasised what has been called his 'art of the possible' view of politics. He was known for his discretion and retentive memory, and also a sense of humour; often placing things in perspective with a sardonic quip.〔〔 〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=John Hooper talks to the former Italian PM Giulio Andreotti about his links to the mafia )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Giulio Andreotti: Politician who dominated the Italian scene for more than half century )〕 Andreotti's personal support within the Christian Democrats was limited, but he had the ability to see where the mutual advantage for apparently conflicting interests lay, and put himself at the centre of events as mediator.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Giulio Andreotti )〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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